Records of volcanism and organic carbon isotopic composition (?13Corg) linked to changes in atmospheric pCO2 and climate during the Pennsylvanian icehouse interval

The late Paleozoic ice age (LPIA) during the Carboniferous and Permian (ca. 360–260 Ma) was vegetated Earth's only recorded icehouse-to-greenhouse transition provides a deep-time perspective for climate-glaciation-environment coevolution future climate change. During LPIA, changes in glacial-interglacial cycles have been closely linked to atmospheric pCO2. In this paper, we investigate relationship between volcanism glacial interglacial Pennsylvanian earliest Cisuralian Liujiang Coalfield from North China Plate (NCP). We use integrated data Zircon U-Pb dating, Hg/TOC ratios ?13Corg recover temporal trends volcanic intensity relate these fluctuations global carbon cycle Four new radiometric dates tuffaceous claystones provide precision stratigraphic framework constrain succession ~322 301 Ma. Results date Benxi Formation Bashkirian–Moscovian stages of Carboniferous, Taiyuan ranging Kasimovian stage Asselian Permian. record four peaks Bashkirian Carboniferous-Permian (C-P) period, two low ebbs early-middle Moscovian. Peaks coincide with negative excursions correlate NW Europe, inferring drivers isotope perturbations cycle. Periods higher pCO2 intervals, lower positive plateaus, while periods cooling intervals C3 C4 recognized other sections globally. suggest be significant driver shifts climates through greenhouse gas emissions Our results represent an important contribution development accurate chronostratigraphy continental facies NCP Permian, enabling correlation events including cycles.